An Educator's Helper:
Designing course pages for WebCT
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Why not let others learn from my trial and error? For the sake of newbies like I was just a short time ago, here are my own tips & tricks & trial-error discoveries as I taught myself to use WebCT. Hope it helps.

CONTENTS -- click to pick

 

IF YOU'RE USING A Word Processor TO MAKE YOUR PAGES
(in alphabetical order)
Header/footer Don't use in the word processor. Doesn't convert to HTML easily.
HTML ...is the only WebCT-ready page format. You could use your word processor's 'Save as HTML' feature (you may need to update your version of your processor).
HTML from Word 2000

Visit here to download HTML Tidy. This little utility cleans up HTML files, with special attention for Word 2000 HTML! [Thanks to Henk Schotel.]

When converting Word 2000 docs to HTML, you might encounter a problem with getting 'symbols' (when you try to print the htm file from WebCT) instead of any special characters you had in Word. The problem results from choosing a typical installation of Office 2000. WebCT designers should use the "custom" installation; select options that allow you to avoid the symbol problems when you convert a ".doc" extension to a ".htm" extension.

Indents, bullets, tick-boxes ...don't transfer to HTML from Word as you'd hope.
k.i.s.s. (you know the saying....keep it simple, shtoopud!)
Math: If you used equation editor to create a part of your pages, notice that "save as HTML" will produce an image for each equation editor item. They are named automatically with numbers. It's best to go back into your source and put a name to each of these images as you go, so you know which is which! (Each equation editor segment is saved as a separate graphic.)
  OR... if you aren't using Word's HTML-save feature but rather importing your Word file to an HTML editor such as Frontpage or Dreamweaver: First highlight each of your equation editor segments, cut, then paste back into Word using "paste special"/picture format.
  Want to post solutions to problems, and don't want to spend the time required in equation editor? Write your solutions by hand, scan, bring into Word, save as Adobe pdf file. This reduces the image to a very small file size for online use.
Math HTML help W3C's Math Home Page
Superscripts; subscripts
(Math, science, etc.)
Using the HTML tags <SUP> and <SUB>
Go to this page for how to do this.
Tables ...won't act/look the same necessarily. See note below under "Other Tips for preparation")

IF YOU'RE USING POWERPOINT
PowerPoint Tips Not directly related to WebCT issues, but certainly to preparing a course for distribution. This helpful page includes How to Distribute PowerPoint Presentations on CD-ROM: "Before you prepare a presentation for CD-ROM distribution, you should first understand the following limitations and procedures. Limitations: PowerPoint 2000 does not support the creation of self-running presentations; if you include multimedia with your presentation, PowerPoint does not support cross-platform or multiple-computer compatibility; if you intend to use PowerPoint Viewer 97, then you cannot include macros or ActiveX controls and components; you must embed your picture files instead of linking them."
PowerPoint Presentations In this Discussion posting, Bernie Kirkey ("Ask Dr. C") gives some clear ideas on how to make animated PowerPoint presentations work in your WebCT course.Contains links to PowerPoint plugin for your browser.

Mac users check out this discussion, containing links for PowerPoint plugins for your Mac browser.

TRY USING ADOBE ACROBAT
Why use Acrobat? Use Adobe Acrobat if you want to make documents widely accessible online or offline and you're not needing to edit the documents. This is especially good if you have a document you've scanned and want to use it as-is in your course. Acrobat is a very powerful, easy to use, and relatively cheap tool (especially at academic prices) that makes placing documents from any source (scanner or some other program) in your courses very easy and effective. when Adobe is installed, it places a "save as PDF" option in your MS Word menu, making it even easier to use. You can read more about it here; there you'll find tips and resources as well.

USING EXCEL FOR WEBCT DATA
Excel web query Go to Using Excel to Capture WebCT Data -- Bernie Kirkey's two-part article. See also the references in the following discussion at WebCT:

Topic: Tracking pages - use Excel web queries
Author: Bernie Kirkey, WebCT "Ask Dr. C"
Date: 15 Sep 2000
"The best way to get *any* WebCT data into a spreadsheet is with an Excel web query. This is true even if WebCT has provided a download feature. Web queries pull the required data right into your spreadhseet. They work in both Excel 97 and 2000, but are far more versatile and easier to create in Excel 2000. If you need links (or to know how to find them) to grab specific data from a v3 course, let me know."
(see original posting here)

Excel files imported to WebCT
(example: grades you've been keeping in excel and now want in WebCT's student management area)
  1. The minimum info in your Excel file, other than the data you have, is a User ID column so WebCT knows whose data is whose.
  2. You'll lose any formulas you've entered in Excel when you go from .xls to .txt, but the data will transfer just fine. Here's an example of the heading line and one set of data from the text file you've created:
        User ID,test1,test2
        Smith,90,95
  3. Save your Excel data as a text file, csv (comma delimited) and then upload into WebCT using the import/upload tool within the student management area.
  4. If your column headings in Excel and WebCT don't match, WebCT won't recognize the new columns, and you'll have to tell it to either ignore the column, create a new column, or pick a column in which to store the data.

OTHER PREPARATION TIPS (general tips for preparation)
(in alphabetical order)
Administration Tips n Resources WebCT Open-Source Tools and Utilities
Backgrounds Correct me if I'm wrong, anybody. But I THINK that if you put a background image in your HTML before uploading, and then attempt to use WebCT's global background setting or individual page background settings, your HTML and theirs will argue and the results (whether the background image appears or not) is unpredictable. Best: don't include the image in your own HTML preparations. Do it using their settings.
Directory structure (course) When creating your course, think about how you want to group segments of the course. Make all directories the same on your drive as you'll want in WebCT. Then file/image refs will match exactly when all is uploaded. On your own computer, keep directories distinct and labelled by segment. Images directory separate also.

WARNING! If you decide later to move files around in your course, you will have to re-assign each of your course-path items to the new file locations!!! Better to decide on file structure at the beginning and then leave it that way.
File Names Remember, WebCT is a browser based platform. Think about what characters can be used to create web addresses. For example, you cannot use a SPACE in a web address. WebCT file names, therefore, cannot use spaces either, or any other characters not useable in browser URLs. If you want something resembling a space in your file name, use an underscore like_this.
Frames Don't use 'em! WebCT has frames already.
Glossary, Indexing WebCT's features like glossary and indexing are great additional refinement features you can do for your students. As you work, think about how you might be able to use these features. (See below for tips on preparing your Glossary entries.)
Images If your images don't show up after you import the files, check that the extensions of the images did not get changed to either upper or lower case (the img tag needs to exactly match the filename, case sensitive). Ensure that the image tags lead to the correct location for your images folder in your WebCT file structure.
Importing HTML

Go to this short article for some excellent tips:
Importing HTML courses to WebCT 3.x

Here's an exerpt: "(1) Make sure all the links are relative (2) Make sure there are no spaces or illegal characters in any of the file, folder and image names (3) Zip the structure together (4) Upload into WebCT (5) Unzip (6) EITHER add the first page to the home page as a "single page" OR add the first page of the site in a Content Module. Hint: I prefer the Content Module because of the power it adds for the instructor."

Linking to internal course files

Occasionally you'll want to use a URL to a file you've uploaded to your WebCT file area. What's the URL to use? Try this syntax for Absolute Reference: http://servername:portnumber/courseid/filename
or
http://servername:portnumber/courseid/subfolder/filename
Or for Relative Reference use the format
/_COURSEID_/filename
or /_COURSEID_/subfolder/filename

TIP: There is NO need to use the real course id.
/_COURSEID_/ as a variable is good enough.

Linking to external URLs Use the usual HTML for URLs.
Links in Bulletin Board If a student wants to put a link in a Bulletin Board posting, they just have to copy/paste the URL. It will appear as a link even without using the HTML format for a URL. (Most HTML will NOT work in the BB postings, however.)
Linking around You don't need to imbed links for course navigation into your pages. Buttons for "back" and "next" and "home" are supplied by WebCT, albeit with a slightly different use/result than we're used to in a browser.
Multimedia Software

A discussion on WebCT's Hub about which software to use to produce WebCT-friendly graphics, audio, video, animation, etc. Good tips!

Page length If possible, break pages into very short segments of text.
Page size Remember you're designing for only a part-page that will appear in a frame on the right side of a WebCT window and under the WebCT button bar.
Quiz Tips

How to produce a warning message for your students that the quiz time will expire in x minutes:
See this discussion at WebCT's "Ask Dr. C"

Tables Results will vary. For table/cell widths use percentages rather than sizes so they'll fit the coursepage frame in WebCT.
Table-of-Contents (for Coursepages) If you want to use this WebCT feature, a TOC will be on the left of your course files in a separate frame, so no need to make one on your pages.

TOOLS "of the trade"
(in alphabetical order)
Hot Potatoes

"The Hot Potatoes suite includes six applications, enabling you to create interactive multiple-choice, short-answer, jumbled-sentence, crossword, matching/ordering and gap-fill exercises for the World Wide Web." I hear it's very WebCT compatible.

Hacking in Hot Potatoes: Are you a Hot Potatoes user? Check this out! "We have built the architecture of Hot Potatoes in such a way that anyone with a little knowledge about the underlying code can easily make significant customizations without risk. In this presentation, we'll show three examples, each showing how a little coding knowledge in one of HTML, CSS, or JavaScript can give you a lot of power over how Hot Potatoes exercises appear and behave." 01/10/04

Respondus "A free software application for WebCT users. Create WebCT quizzes and question banks offline. Supports six types of questions, plus feedback. Quizzes are seamlessly transferred to WebCT (versions 2.1 and higher)

See a discussion on the use of this software here. A user's review of the software is here.
Source Forge "...one-stop shopping site for any and all of the publicly available, open-source tools people have created for use with WebCT."
WebCT Exchange "...your source for WebCT documentation, tools, tricks and anything else that's cool. See what others are doing with WebCT and share what you've created with the world!"
WebCT Make Quiz This Macro application will create (convert) a WebCT multiple-choice quiz file from a pre-existing text file. Mac or PC.
GoBCL FREE Online Document Publishing in PDF or HTML: "goBCL can publish your document into PDF or HTML file format for free. All of the processes will take place in our server." Hey, it's FAST too!

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WITHIN WEBCT -- Tips from things I've been learning the hard way
3 Stage Approach (Thanks to Rob MacAulay, SD83!)
Stage 1: Just get the course online, the framework, the essentials. You can work from an existing course, even if it's only paper-based right now. Just convert the files to HTML and load to WebCT.
  Stage 2: Enhancements. Add links, extras, files for student download, quiz questions, tests, glossaries, indexes, etc. This stage completes the supply of learning materials for the student beyond the basics.
  Stage 3: Add pizzaz, interactivity. Interactive quizzes, tests,Java, Flash, video clips, you name it. This is the make-it-fun stage when the course is transformed to real online education format.
  Stage 4: User Feedback: (I know Rob only told of 3 phases, but I'd add this one based on comments from other experts.) Build into your course a feedback section (for example, at the end of each unit). Keep improving your course regularly based on feedback from learners. They know what works and what doesn't.
Welcome Page Links Files stored in your File Manager can't be accessed from outside or linked to other sites. Unfortunately, this means you cannot link from the Welcome Page to any files located in your WebCT File Manager, since the User will not be authorized to access files from your File Manager before logging in. One workaround to this is to link the file to another server (Ex: Using a free hosting service) and link that file to your Welcome Page.
How much to put online? Get a good text and refer to it, don't rewrite one.
Publishers are WebCT friendly Many publishers already have their texts online in WebCT format. Example: Pearson's "adopt and adapt" texts. Cost is reasonable, and complete courses are prewritten based on the text. Most at post-secondary level, but see SD83's TPC12, which uses Pearson Publishing's adopt and adapt course materials. (The "View Courses" section below tells how to view this course at SD83.)
Student view ...in WebCT designer windows isn't entirely wysiwyg. [For example, the bg doesn't show in all student views, so I didn't see a that a white table bg was covering my bg edge design.]
Concurrent Student View While working in your "designer view", to see a TRUE "student view" use a whole different browser. (ie, if using IE, check it out in Netscape, and vice versa). Another window in the same browser won't do it.
Upload and download ...of one file at a time is tedious and slow in WebCT. Instead, load them into a zip file, upload to the target directory, and unzip. Much faster, even for a handful of files.
Bulletin Board postings Spell-check your Instructor BB postings before posting. You don't want to post errors (I did) and they can't be fixed later, other than by deleting the whole message, which isn't good after a thread has begun underneath! (P.S. There's no spell checker --that I've found yet-- onboard WebCT. Correct me if I'm wrong?)
Glossary Preparation I found the description a little confusing for how to make a glossary file for uploading to WebCT's Glossary function. My suggestion: manually create about 3 entries using WebCT's Glossary "add" tool. Then use the "download" tool on this short Glossary. Open the file in your word processor. The format used is clearer this way than in their instructions for creating a file to upload as Glossary. Also: as far as I can tell, "linking keywords" in your glossary can only be done one entry at a time. So after uploading your Glossary file, you have to go through the whole glossary if you want to link keywords.
Printing Assignments ...from WebCT: students should use the "compiler" feature. Check out the student tutorial on this.
Synchronous Classes Use the Calendar feature for posting assignments and the day's or week's activities.

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